YF Cheung, MP Leung, kT Chau

Abstract

This retrospective review aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of occlusion of native and residual arterial ducts by detachable and non-detachable coils. Sixty-two patients underwent transcatheter coil occlusion, of which 42 had native and 20 had residual arterial ducts. The mean age and weight were 5.2±3.3 years and 17.2±7.5 kg, respectively. All the procedures were performed under general anaesthesia. The procedural and screening times were 107.6±45.4 minutes and 33.9±31.4 minutes, respectively. The ductal size measured 2.3±0.9 mm. Coil occlusion was feasible in 92% (57/62) of patients. Detachable coils were employed in 24 patients, non-detachable coils in 31, and combinations in 2. A single coil was implanted in 34 patients, 2 coils in 22 and 3 coils in 1. The prevalence of residual leak at 24 hours, 3 and 6 months were respectively 40%, 24% and 20% for native ducts and 48%, 25% and 19% for residual ducts (p=0.86). Coil embolization occurred in 2/62 (3.2%) of procedures, while intravascular haemolysis occurred in 2/57 (3.5%) of patients. There was no significant relation between the coil type and the risk of embolization. The only risk factor for persistent residual leak was ductal size. We concluded that transcatheter coil implantation is equally effective and safe in occluding both native and residual arterial ducts.