MYY Ngan, BCH Tsang, KL Kwong

Abstract

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric comorbidity amongst children with epilepsy. We identified the prevalence, risk factors associated with ADHD and the impact of ADHD on seizure outcome in Hong Kong children with recent onset epilepsy. Methods: Children aged 6-18 years old with recent onset epilepsy with follow up in a regional hospital were recruited. Chinese Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-Symptoms and Normal-Behaviours Questionnaire was administered. Children with ADHD scores above cut-off were compared to those below cut-off for identification of demographic and seizure related variables. Results: Forty-eight children with recent onset epilepsy were recruited. Ten (20.8%) had ADHD scores above cut-off. Younger age at seizure onset (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.05-1.88, p=0.009) and younger age at time of study (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01-1.73, p=0.009) were significant risk factors for ADHD. ADHD was not associated with seizure outcome, discontinuation of anticonvulsant or need of polytherapy. Conclusions: There is an increased prevalence of ADHD amongst children with recent onset epilepsy compared with the general population. Screening for ADHD in children with recent onset epilepsy is recommended.